Maaseick, ca. 1390-Bruges, 1441. Like his brothers Hubert and Lambert, Jan van Eyck was a painter and illuminator, but nothing is known of his initial training. The first information relating to his activities dates from 1422 when the artist was in the service of Duke John of Bavaria, Count of Holland. On the Duke’s death in 1425 Van Eyck …Théodore Géricault. Rouen, 179-Paris, 1824. Géricault was born in 1791 into a wealthy family in Rouen that moved to Paris some years later. He received his first, short-lived art classes in Paris in the studios of Carle Vernet and Pierre Guérin. In 1811 Géricault decided to be responsible for his own training and began to copy works by the ...Thanks to the generous support of MasterCard, the museum can offer free entry to its permanent collection every Monday all year round from 12.00-16.00, bringing the museum even closer to the public. ... The Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum would like to thanks its sponsors: ©2024 Thyssen-Bornemisza National Museum Menú al pie (EN) Use of …If you’re looking to add a touch of desert beauty to your landscape, a museum palo verde tree could be the perfect choice. Known for its stunning green bark and vibrant yellow flow...Paul Cézanne. Aix-en-Provence, 1839-1906. Paul Cézanne, one of the most significant French painters of the second half of the nineteenth century, is generally held to be “the father of modern art.”. He started out studying law at Aix, but moved to Paris in 1861 to become a painter. The Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum would like to thanks its sponsors: ©2024 Thyssen-Bornemisza National Museum Menú al pie (EN) Use of images and legal terms ... A Moonlit Evening - Grimshaw, John Atkinson. Museo Nacional Thyssen-Bornemisza. When John Atkinson Grimshaw married his wife, Theodosia Hubbard, they lived in a very small house in Leeds, and although he longed to paint, they had insufficient money to allow him to give up his job working on the railways. In the evenings, he enjoyed going for ...In addition to nineteenth-century art, the Carmen Thyssen Málaga Museum offers a brief selection of religious painting and sculpture from the Old Masters – ...Nyack, 1882-NewYork, 1967. The American painter Edward Hopper was one of the foremost exponents of twentieth-century Realism. Although he did not attract the attention of critics or the public for much of his life and was forced to work as an illustrator to earn a living, his works are now icons of modern life and society. Thyssen Museum ticket prices. Tickets for the Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum cost €13 for visitors between 18 and 64 years. Students with valid IDs and seniors above 65 get a discount of €4 and pay only €9 to enter the museum. Everyone up to 17 years and disabled visitors can get in for free. 6 Nov 2019 ... When the Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum opened in 1992, Madrid added the third point to its 'Art Triangle'. The private collection of the late ...Horse Race - Géricault, Théodore. Museo Nacional Thyssen-Bornemisza. Théodore Géricault was from a wealthy Rouen family that moved to Paris in 1796 for professional reasons. Géricault was not a particularly model pupil at school but showed an aptitude for drawing, particularly for depicting horses. In Paris he decided to take classes with ...Experience art through different themes: fashion, gastronomy, jewelry, etc. Another way to enjoy art and experience the collection of great artists. Must visit in Madrid. Buy tickets. View hours. El Museo Nacional Thyssen-Bornemisza configura con el Museo del Prado y el Centro de Arte Reina Sofía el llamado Paseo del Arte.The Museo Nacional Thyssen-Bornemisza houses one of the most important painting collections assembled in the 20th century. Although originally the collection ...The Thyssen-Bornemisza National Museum takes you on a incredible journey through seven centuries of European painting. Embark on a journey through seven centuries of …Jan 19, 2024 · What is the Thyssen Bornemisza Museum known for? A: The museum is known for its diversity of paintings from Europe and the Americas, with a varied range of periods and artistic styles, from the 13 th to the late 20 th century. Thyssen Bornemisza Museum has a collection of 19th-century American paintings that are not found anywhere else in Europe. 30 Jun 2022 ... Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum Timings · The museum is open from Tuesday to Sunday from 10 am to 7 pm. · On Mondays, the entry is free and the museum ...This is one of Madrid's three great art museums, the place to see masterpieces from the 13th through the 20th century. The Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum (Museo ...Museo Nacional Thyssen-Bornemisza. Picasso painted Man with a Clarinet, a masterpiece of Analytical Cubism, in the autumn of 1911, after spending the summer with Braque in Céret. This pyramidal composition, fanning out from the base, depicts a figure holding a musical instrument, of which only the most basic elements can be deciphered.Francis Bacon is one of the most representative and disturbing artists of the post-Second World War period. His personal, tormented and decomposed vision of the human being is the best testament to the crisis that afflicted mankind during the second half of the twentieth century. Born in Dublin, albeit of English parents, in …Francis Bacon is one of the most representative and disturbing artists of the post-Second World War period. His personal, tormented and decomposed vision of the human being is the best testament to the crisis that afflicted mankind during the second half of the twentieth century. Born in Dublin, albeit of English parents, in …In the most comprehensive survey of Ukrainian modern art to date, with many works on loan from the National Art Museum of Ukraine and the State Museum of Theatre, Music and Cinema of Ukraine, the Museo Nacional Thyssen-Bornemisza celebrates the dynamism and diversity of the artistic scene in Ukraine, while …The Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum offers visitors an overview of art from the 13th century to the late 20th century. In the nearly one thousand works on display, visitors can contemplate the major periods and pictorial schools of western art such as the Renaissance, Mannerism, the Baroque, Rococo, Romanticism and the art of the …Peter Paul Rubens. Siegen, 1577-Antwerp, 1640. Rubens was born in to a wealthy family in Siegen, Westphalia, in 1577. After the death of his father in 1587 he returned to Antwerp where his parents had previously lived before moving to Germany. He began his artistic training in the studio of Tobias Verhaecht and Adam van Noort, continuing his ...Today it belongs to the Spanish public who acquired it in 1993. Discover the works of two great generations and all the artistic movements of western art from ... History of the building. Discover the history of the Museo Nacional Thyssen-Bornemisza's building, one of the most emblematic of Madrid's neoclassical architecture and witness to great political and cultural events. Make the most of your visit to the museum with our range of audio and multimedia guides. Purchase it online along with your entrance ticket or at the ticket office of the museum, the same day of your visit. It will allow you to access all the content detailed below in a single purchase. IYTC card holders will obtain a 10% discount on entrance ...Oct 31, 2023 · Featuring nearly 100 works, including paintings, sculptures, works on paper and textiles, the exhibition is curated from a feminist viewpoint by Rocío de la Villa. It presents a survey from the late 16 th century to the early decades of the 20 th century through eight contexts important within women’s path towards emancipation. The Virgin and Child - Titian. Museo Nacional Thyssen-Bornemisza. Collection Activities Education. Prior to 1874 this Virgin and Child was in the Sciarra-Colonna collection in Rome, where it was seen by Crowe and Cavalcaselle who included it in their publication on Titian of 1877. The painting remained in that collection until … The Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum would like to thanks its sponsors: ©2024 Thyssen-Bornemisza National Museum Menú al pie (EN) Use of images and legal terms ... Discover the history of the Museo Nacional Thyssen-Bornemisza's building, one of the most emblematic of Madrid's neoclassical architecture and witness to great political and cultural events. Introduction. Learn about the keys to the evolution of the Museo Nacional Thyssen-Bornemisza's building. The Museum Museu Carmen Thyssen Andorra. The museum holds annual temporary exhibitions with works from the Carmen Thyssen-Bornemisza Collection. The Collection In addition to nineteenth-century art, the Carmen Thyssen Málaga Museum offers a brief selection of religious painting and sculpture from the Old Masters – ...Outdoor space to enjoy the offer of the cafeteria and restaurant on this peaceful terrace. Accessible by an internal ramp from the inside of the museum for visitors with mobility impairments. Opening hours: Monday from 12.00 to 16.00; Tuesday to Sunday from 10.00 to 19.00 Saturday from 10.00 to 23.00Museo Nacional Thyssen-Bornemisza. Collection Activities Education. Activities. Guided tours Children & families Students & Teachers Friends Lectures & courses Music & …Highlights of Art: Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum, Madrid [Perez-Jofre, Teresa] on Amazon.com. *FREE* shipping on qualifying offers. Highlights of Art: ...These were only shown once in 1992 on the occasion of the inauguration of the museum. The exhibition contains some other works which have never been seen before in Madrid, enhancing the breadth of the collecting power of both generations. The works included in this exhibition are made possible thanks …Oct 4, 2023 · Collection Exhibitions Activities. Picasso: the Sacred and the Profane, an exhibition curated by Paloma Alarcó and presented in rooms 53 to 55 of the Museo Nacional Thyssen-Bornemisza’s first floor, brings to a close the museum’s series of projects in connection with the Picasso Celebration 1973/2023. The show’s suggested discourse aims ... In the heart of Chicago, there is a museum that is unlike any other. The Wndr Museum is an immersive experience that blends art and science to create a unique journey for visitors....Paris is a city that is renowned for its art and culture, and it’s no surprise that it’s home to some of the world’s most famous museums. With so many museums to explore, it can be...The user will send to the Museum Photo Library of the Fundación one (1) free copy of the edition, publication or reproduction to the following address: Archivo Fotográfico, Museo Nacional Thyssen-Bornemisza, Paseo del Prado, 8 … Barons Carmen and Borja Thyssen-Bornemisza have reached an agreement with the Spanish Ministry of Culture and Sport to lease part of their collection to the museum. It establishes that a wide selection of international works will remain to be exhibited in this museum for the next 15 years, with a purchase option at the expiration of the lease ... The Museum Museu Carmen Thyssen Andorra. The museum holds annual temporary exhibitions with works from the Carmen Thyssen-Bornemisza Collection. The Collection Stephanie Comilang. En busca de la vida · Stephanie Comilang. Search for Life · Re-Stor(y)ing Oceania March 23–October 13, 2024 · Programa público "En bus...Florence, 1856-London, 1925. John Singer Sargent, the most famous society portraitist of the last third of the nineteenth century, was born in Florence to American parents. He received his first art lessons in Rome in 1868 and later at the Accademia delle Belle Arti in Florence. In 1874 he was admitted to the workshop of Carolus …Théodore Géricault. Rouen, 179-Paris, 1824. Géricault was born in 1791 into a wealthy family in Rouen that moved to Paris some years later. He received his first, short-lived art classes in Paris in the studios of Carle Vernet and Pierre Guérin. In 1811 Géricault decided to be responsible for his own training and began to copy works by the ...Museo Nacional Thyssen-Bornemisza. View of New York from Brooklyn Heights, after John William Hill's watercolour, was engraved by William James Bennett and published by L. P. Clover in 1837 as part of a series of nineteen views of American cities. The aquatint in colour is known as the Pigeon View of New York, referring … Anita. Friedrich "Fritz" Thyssen (9 November 1873 – 8 February 1951) was a German businessman, born into one of Germany's leading industrial families. He was an early supporter of the Nazi Party but later broke with it. Picasso lived in Barcelona from 1895 to 1900, studied at the Llotja and was involved with the group known as Els Quatre Gats. Following his first trip to Paris, he moved to Madrid to study at the Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando, and settled permanently in the Frenchcapital in 1904. Thereafter, although he always remained very much ... If quarantine and travel restrictions have you wishing you could be somewhere else, there’s one thing you can do to bring the world into your own home. Virtual online tours can off...Museo Nacional Thyssen-Bornemisza. Fees: Concessions and free entry. Mondays free of charge for everyone. Saturdays from 21.00 to 23.00, free of charge for everyone. Tickets …Museo Nacional Thyssen-Bornemisza. The Voices, a small, delicate work on paper, is a paradigmatic example of the Symbolist style of the French painter Gustave Moreau. The scene is related to the theme of Hesiod and the Muses, one of the motifs of which the painter produced the most versions. The young Hesiod, the …Museo Thyssen-Bornemisza ... Created in 1988, the Thyssen-Bornemisza Collection Foundation pioneered a new formula for the private management of public assets in ... About Us. History. Thyssen-Bornemisza Foundation. History of the collection. Museum milestones and anniversaries. 30th Anniversary. Baron Thyssen-Bornemisza Centenary. 1921/2021. 25th Anniversary. Navegación secundaria (EN) The Photo Library and the Museum's Commercial Archive manage the worldwide distribution of images of the Museo Thyssen-Bornemisza works, as well as their reproduction rights. The applicable rates are calculated based on the nature and proposed use of the images, as well as the availability of the requested image.In the most comprehensive survey of Ukrainian modern art to date, with many works on loan from the National Art Museum of Ukraine and the State Museum of Theatre, Music and Cinema of Ukraine, the Museo Nacional Thyssen-Bornemisza celebrates the dynamism and diversity of the artistic scene in Ukraine, while …As the Museo Nacional Thyssen-Bornemisza makes constant contributions to temporary exhibitions, works from the collection are often out on loan. The absence of such works may lead to specific replacements, changes in installations and the placing of notices with information regarding the loan. We apologise for any …Théodore Géricault. Rouen, 179-Paris, 1824. Géricault was born in 1791 into a wealthy family in Rouen that moved to Paris some years later. He received his first, short-lived art classes in Paris in the studios of Carle Vernet and Pierre Guérin. In 1811 Géricault decided to be responsible for his own training and began to copy works by the ...The Museo Nacional Thyssen-Bornemisza and the entertainment technology company Olyverse bring together, in a unique and innovative way, the world of traditional art with the most cutting-edge technologies. Together, we have created the first exhibition of digital collectables in a virtual room dedicated to the future. …Make the most of your visit to the museum with our range of audio and multimedia guides. Purchase it online along with your entrance ticket or at the ticket office of the museum, the same day of your visit. It will allow you to access all the content detailed below in a single purchase. IYTC card holders will obtain a 10% discount on entrance ...From 27 February to 2 June 2024. Open from Tuesday to Sunday. With the collaboration of Comunidad de Madrid. BUY TICKETS. Carmen Thyssen Collection. Another way to … Picasso lived in Barcelona from 1895 to 1900, studied at the Llotja and was involved with the group known as Els Quatre Gats. Following his first trip to Paris, he moved to Madrid to study at the Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando, and settled permanently in the Frenchcapital in 1904. Thereafter, although he always remained very much ... Notice about the museum works As the Museo Nacional Thyssen-Bornemisza makes constant contributions to temporary exhibitions, works from the collection are often out on loan. The absence of such works may lead to specific replacements, changes in installations and the placing of notices with information regarding the loan. History. Thyssen-Bornemisza Foundation. History of the collection. Museum milestones and anniversaries. 30th Anniversary. Baron Thyssen-Bornemisza Centenary. 1921/2021. 25th Anniversary. … Notice about the museum works As the Museo Nacional Thyssen-Bornemisza makes constant contributions to temporary exhibitions, works from the collection are often out on loan. The absence of such works may lead to specific replacements, changes in installations and the placing of notices with information regarding the loan. Tickets to the Museum include the visit to the Collection and to the temporary exhibitions. ... Valid for one visit to the Museo del Prado, the Museo Reina Sofía and the Museo Thyssen-Bornemisza within one year from the date of purchase. Admission during free access hours. Visit from Monday to Saturday, from 6:00 pm to 8:00 pm, and Sundays …Ast, Balthasar van der. Auerbach, Frank. Avery, Milton. Artist. Artist. Artist. El Museo Nacional Thyssen-Bornemisza configura con el Museo del Prado y el Centro de Arte Reina Sofía el llamado Paseo del Arte.Museo Nacional Thyssen-Bornemisza. Gerrit van Honthorst was one of the painters who introduced the Caravaggesque style into the Northern Low Countries. Among the artists of the School of Utrecht he was the best known internationally. Honthorst travelled to Rome at an early date, around 1610‒15, and is documented following his return to ...Zhu Yile. 17:08 UTC+8, 2024-03-26. At the Miguel de Cervantes Library at 208 Anfu Road, an art space has been created to evoke the street ambiance of Madrid's …To care for a Desert Museum palo verde tree, plant the cutting in a sunny area with well-drained soil, water the tree periodically, and prune the tree to a beautiful shape in the s...Thyssen Museum is a relatively new art museum in Madrid, Spain. It has a fantastic artworks collection and is considered a part of Madrid’s Golden Triangle of Art (with Prado Museum and Reina Sofia …The Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum would like to thanks its sponsors: ©2024 Thyssen-Bornemisza National Museum Menú al pie (EN) Use of images and legal terms; Public tenders; Transparency site; Accessibility and quality; Contact ...Women Masters is the first major exhibition to reflect the process of feminist rethinking on which the Museo Thyssen has been engaged over the past few years. It benefits from the collaboration of the Comunidad de Madrid and is sponsored by Carolina Herrera. After its presentation in Madrid, a reduced version …Zhu Yile. 17:08 UTC+8, 2024-03-26. At the Miguel de Cervantes Library at 208 Anfu Road, an art space has been created to evoke the street ambiance of Madrid's …Outdoor space to enjoy the offer of the cafeteria and restaurant on this peaceful terrace. Accessible by an internal ramp from the inside of the museum for visitors with mobility impairments. Opening hours: Monday from 12.00 to 16.00; Tuesday to Sunday from 10.00 to 19.00 Saturday from 10.00 to 23.00For the first time, the museum is devoting a retrospective to a Spanish woman artist, Isabel Quintanilla (1938-2017), one of the key figures of contemporary realism. The exhibition features around 100 works spanning the artist’s entire career and including her most important paintings and drawings. Many …The Museo Thyssen-Bornemisza Express belongs to a group of paintings in which Rauschenberg uses silkscreen printing. Some of the photographs reproduced in it, which capture his visual universe, are found in earlier and later works. According to Gail Levin, the title Express may allude both to very fast movement and to …Museo Nacional Thyssen-Bornemisza. Hans Cranach here depicts an episode from the life of Hercules, who according to Greek legend murdered his friend Iphitus in a struggle for power and who was thus punished by Hermes, who sold him to the court of Queen Omphale where he had to remain as a slave for three years. The atmosphere in the …Museo Nacional Thyssen-Bornemisza. Picasso painted Man with a Clarinet, a masterpiece of Analytical Cubism, in the autumn of 1911, after spending the summer with Braque in Céret. This pyramidal composition, fanning out from the base, depicts a figure holding a musical instrument, of which only the most basic elements can be deciphered.* Admission to the permanent collection of the Museo Nacional Thyssen-Bornemisza. * Admission to the Carmen Thyssen Collection. * Open-dated ticket: You have ...Museo Thyssen-Bornemisza, Madrid The Thyssen-Bornemisza National Museum (Spanish: Museo Nacional Thyssen-Bornemisza, pronounced [muˈseo ˈtisem boɾneˈmisa]; named after its founder, Baron Heinrich Thyssen-Bornemisza), or simply the Th yssen, is an art museum in Madrid, Spain, located near the Prado Museum on one of the city's …The Photo Library and the Museum's Commercial Archive manage the worldwide distribution of images of the Museo Thyssen-Bornemisza works, as well as their reproduction rights. The applicable rates are calculated based on the nature and proposed use of the images, as well as the availability of the requested image.The Thyssen-Bornemisza Collection Foundation is a public foundation that was created in 1988. It is responsible for the management of the museum, the conservation of its works, carrying out research, organising public exhibitions and promoting the artworks that were acquired by the Spanish State in 1993. Since … Markus Rothkovitz was born in Russia into a Jewish family who emigrated to Oregon in 1910, and from 1940 onwards he signed his works with the name Mark Rothko. Despite studying under Max Weber at the Art Students League in New York in 1924, he always considered himself a self-taught artist. From 1929 to 1952 he taught art at a few New York ... La memoria colonial en las colecciones Thyssen-Bornemisza Del 25 de junio al 20 de octubre de 2024. Exposición temporal Gabriele Münter La gran pintora expresionista ... ©2024 Museo Nacional Thyssen-Bornemisza Menú al pie. Uso de imágenes y términos legales;Museo Nacional Thyssen-Bornemisza. Caspar van WitteI was one of the Northern European painters working in Rome in the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries. This view of the Piazza Navona gives particular prominence to three architectural projects involved in the remodelling of the square by Pope Innocent X: on the left, the ... The Museum Museu Carmen Thyssen Andorra. The museum holds annual temporary exhibitions with works from the Carmen Thyssen-Bornemisza Collection. The Collection Outdoor space to enjoy the offer of the cafeteria and restaurant on this peaceful terrace. Accessible by an internal ramp from the inside of the museum for visitors with mobility impairments. Opening hours: Monday from 12.00 to 16.00; Tuesday to Sunday from 10.00 to 19.00 Saturday from 10.00 to 23.00
Make the most of your visit to the museum with our range of audio and multimedia guides. Purchase it online along with your entrance ticket or at the ticket office of the museum, the same day of your visit. It will allow you to access all the content detailed below in a single purchase. IYTC card holders will obtain a 10% discount on entrance .... Spotify artist profile
Théodore Géricault. Rouen, 179-Paris, 1824. Géricault was born in 1791 into a wealthy family in Rouen that moved to Paris some years later. He received his first, short-lived art classes in Paris in the studios of Carle Vernet and Pierre Guérin. In 1811 Géricault decided to be responsible for his own training and began to copy works by the ...Make the most of your visit to the museum with our range of audio and multimedia guides. Purchase it online along with your entrance ticket or at the ticket office of the museum, the same day of your visit. It will allow you to access all the content detailed below in a single purchase. IYTC card holders will obtain a 10% discount on entrance ...Two Nudes in an Exotic Landscape | Museo Nacional Thyssen-Bornemisza. The new Fauve paintings of Henri Matisse, George Braque and André Derain caused a huge stir at the Paris Autumn Salon in 1905. The young Jean Metzinger immediately adopted the new movement’s synthetic forms and pure, antinatural colours.Friedrich "Fritz" Thyssen (9 November 1873 – 8 February 1951) was a German businessman, born into one of Germany's leading industrial families. He was an early supporter of the Nazi Party but later broke with it. Biography Youth. Thyssen was born in Mülheim in the Ruhr area. His ...If quarantine and travel restrictions have you wishing you could be somewhere else, there’s one thing you can do to bring the world into your own home. Virtual online tours can off...The user will send to the Museum Photo Library of the Fundación one (1) free copy of the edition, publication or reproduction to the following address: Archivo Fotográfico, Museo Nacional Thyssen-Bornemisza, Paseo del Prado, 8 …The Chautauqua Sports Hall of Fame is a hidden gem nestled in the beautiful town of Jamestown, New York. This museum is dedicated to preserving and honoring the rich sports history...David Teniers II. Antwerp, 1610-Brussels, 1690. David Teniers II trained with his father, an art dealer and painter of small history compositions, but from an early age he moved away from that type of painting and focused on genre scenes and the work of Adriaen Brouwer. Teniers joined the painters’ guild in Antwerp in 1632 or 1633 and his ...The Perot Museum of Nature and Science is a world-class museum located in Dallas, Texas. It is home to a variety of interactive exhibits, educational programs, and activities that ...Museo Nacional Thyssen-Bornemisza. Picasso painted Man with a Clarinet, a masterpiece of Analytical Cubism, in the autumn of 1911, after spending the summer with Braque in Céret. This pyramidal composition, fanning out from the base, depicts a figure holding a musical instrument, of which only the most basic elements can be deciphered.The Thyssen-Bornemisza Collection Foundation is a public foundation that was created in 1988. It is responsible for the management of the museum, the conservation of its works, carrying out research, organising public exhibitions and promoting the artworks that were acquired by the Spanish State in 1993. Since …Museo Nacional Thyssen-Bornemisza. The transformation of the city into a vast metropolis was one of the subjects that most fascinated early twentieth-century painters, and Grosz was no exception. One of the many artists anxious to capture these rapid, constant changes, he painted this vision of Berlin at the height of the …Museo Nacional Thyssen-Bornemisza. During the last years of Yves Tanguy’s life, his painting became darker and less poetic. In Imaginary Numbers, considered by some to be his last work, the earlier biomorphic forms become petrified and are no longer isolated, forming compact groups of geological formations. These ambiguous monuments, which ...Exposición - Hyperrealism 1967-2012. Museo Nacional Thyssen-Bornemisza. The late 1960s saw the emergence of a group of artists in the USA who painted objects and scenes from daily life with a high degree of realism, using photography as the basis for their works. This new movement achieved …Flowers in an Jug (verso) - Memling, Hans. Museo Nacional Thyssen-Bornemisza. This panel was in the collection of the Dukes of Hamilton in the UK during most of the 19 th century. In 1906 it was owned by the Duchess of Montrose at Castle Brodick on the Isle of Arran (Scotland), from where it was acquired for the Thyssen-Bornemisza in 1938 ....